The mandibular foramen is the start of a tunnel for the inferior alveolar nerve and blood vessels. A major branch of the nerve emerges on the outside, at the mental foramen. Avatar icon Avatar icon Sign In. Already a Subscriber? Required Required. Forgot Password? Enter an Access Code. Sign in via: Open Athens Shibboleth. Become a subscriber to watch this video. If you have received this message in error for example, you have purchased a new subscription or activated a trial , please log out and log back in to start a new session and receive access.
Subscribe Now. The angle We are unable to redeem your access code. Please try again another time. Use precise geolocation data. Select personalised content. Create a personalised content profile. Measure ad performance. Select basic ads. Create a personalised ads profile. Select personalised ads. Apply market research to generate audience insights. Measure content performance. Develop and improve products. List of Partners vendors. Also known as the lower jawbone, the mandible is the largest and strongest bone of the face.
Tasked with holding the lower set of teeth in place, this bone has a symmetrical, horseshoe shape. Not directly connected to other bones of the skull, the mandible is the only moving bone of the skull and is attached to the major muscle groups of mastication chewing as well as the ligaments that make up the temporomandibular joint that allows motion.
Health issues that arise with this bone usually have to do with fracture or dislocation due to trauma. In addition, corrective surgeries may be performed on the mandible to correct misalignment due to improper development of the jaw. The largest facial bone, the mandible is roughly horseshoe-shaped, defining the lower margins and sides of the face. The body of the mandible is the almost rectangular front anterior portion of the bone, and it is grafted to the ramus wing-like portion on each side.
In adults, its external surface has a slight ridge at its midline called the mandibular symphysis, which divides and encloses a depression called the mental protuberance as it moves downward. The edges of this part rise up to make up the mental tubercle. To the side of this, and below the incisive front teeth is a depression called the incisive fossa, and there is an opening on each side adjacent to the premolars called the mental foramen.
The upper border, also known as the alveolar border, contains hollow spaces for the teeth. These bound the temporomandibular joint, which allows the bone to move. The lower surfaces of the ramus define the jawline, and the outer sides are connected to the masseter muscle for chewing.
The inner surfaces contain several openings fossa that allow important nerves and arteries to access the mouth region. Notably, the inferior alveolar nerve, a branch of the mandibular nerve , accesses the mandible foramen and runs frontward, providing sensation to the lower set of teeth. At the mental foramen, it branches into the incisive and mental nerves; the latter of these enervates the lower lip, whereas the former processes sensation for the mandibular premolar, canine, as well as lateral and central incisors.
Given that this bone is involved with mouth motions, many important muscle groups also make contact with the mandible. A number of muscles arise from this bone. The muscle begins at the flexor retinaculum in…. The movement of the upper arm and shoulder is controlled by a group of four muscles that make up the rotator cuff. The largest and strongest muscle in…. The extensor pollicis longus muscle begins at the ulna and the interosseous membrane, a tough fibrous tissue that connects the ulna and the radius in….
The biceps brachii, sometimes known simply as the biceps, is a skeletal muscle that is involved in the movement of the elbow and shoulder. It is a…. The skeletal system is the foundation of your body, giving it structure and allowing for movement.
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